Class 10 Social Question and Answer: Social Stratification
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Karnataka SSLC Social Sociology Textbook Answers—Reflections Chapter 1
Social Stratification Questions and Answers, Notes, and Summary
Class 10 Social Sociology Chapter 1
Social Stratification
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I. Fill in the blanks with suitable words:
- Truly the whole mankind is one’ is declared by Pampa
- ‘Untouchability is a stigma on Hindu Society’. This was told by Mahatma Gandhi
- Section 17 of the Constitution declares that practice of untouchability is a punishable offence.
II. Discuss the following in groups and write the answers:
Question 1.
What is meant by social stratification?
Answer:
Social stratification refers to the practice of classifying people as upper class and lower class on the basis of income, education, caste, colour, gender, occupation, intelligence, etc. This stratification has been done by society.
Question 2.
How has social stratification been created?
Answer:
Social stratification has been created by society by classifying people as upper class and lower class on the basis of income, education, caste, colour, gender, occupation, intelligence, etc.
Question 3.
What is meant by prejudices?
Answer:
Prejudice is the opinion a person forms about another person or community even before he gets to know them. This kind of opinion may be positive or negative.
Question 4.
What are the constitutional and legal measures undertaken to eradicate untouchability? Explain.
Answer:
Section 17 of the Constitution prohibits the practice of untouchability. The ‘Untouchability (Offences) Act’ was implemented in 1955. Some lacunae of this Act were rectified and the Act was amended as ‘Citizens’ Rights Protection Act’ in 1976. According to this Act, practice of untouchability is a punishable offence. Besides, universal suffrage and right to equality have been guaranteed in the Constitution to all citizens of the country.
All people belonging to backward castes, especially the Scheduled Castes, have been provided reservation in educational, political, economic and employment opportunities. The Regulation of 1989 confers special responsibilities to the State Governments with regard to eradication of untouchability. In this manner, independent India has been striving to provide equal opportunities to all its citizens by showing great interest in curbing the evil practice of untouchability.
Question 5.
What are the suggestions to stop the social evil of untouchability?
Answer:
The Constitution guarantees the provision of all facilities to people of all classes and castes. People belonging to backward castes and classes are getting special facilities. The practice of untouchability is dying down as a result of the gradual increase in literacy. This is a heartening development and has helped to promote social harmony. Apart from this, spread of education, economic facilities, housing facilities, employment facilities, emancipation from dirty occupations, abolition of caste system, encouragement to inter-caste marriages and propaganda against untouchability can be done to stop the social evil of untouchability.
Additional Questions and Answers
Question 1.
What is social inequality?
Answer:
The system of social stratification leads to inequality and differences. It humiliates the people classified as the low class. This is called social inequality.
Question 2.
Give an example of social inequality in America.
Answer:
The blacks in America were not permitted to attend the schools of the whites.
Question 3.
Give an example of social inequality in India.
Answer:
In India, untouchables were not allowed to take water from public wells or lakes.
Question 4.
What is prejudice?
Answer:
Prejudice is the opinion a person forms about another person or community even before he gets to know them. This opinion may be positive or negative.
Question 5.
What are the effects of prejudice created by discrimination?
Answer:
Prejudices created by discrimination lead to feelings like impatience, contempt, disrespect and hatred. As a result, social inequality develops, leading to social conflicts.
Question 6.
What did Pampa declare about mankind?
Answer:
The great Kannada poet Pampa declared, “Truly, the whole mankind is one.”
Question 7.
What is positive prejudice or bias?
Answer:
Usually, we consider ‘our people’ as ‘good’. This feeling helps us to live in harmony. However, if it becomes intense, it can be detrimental.
Question 8.
Why is untouchability called a social evil?
Answer:
Untouchability is an inhuman practice of society. People affected by it were deprived of social, cultural, religious, educational and political facilities and opportunities.
Question 9.
Who called untouchability a stigma on Hindu society?
Answer:
Mahatma Gandhi called untouchability a “stigma” on Hindu society.
Question 10.
Who made efforts to eradicate untouchability?
Answer:
Jyotiba Phule, Swami Vivekananda, Dr. B.R. Ambedkar and others made immense efforts to wipe out the stigma of untouchability.
Question 11.
What does Section 17 of the Constitution state?
Answer:
Section 17 of the Constitution prohibits the practice of untouchability.
Question 12.
When was the Untouchability (Offences) Act implemented?
Answer:
The Untouchability (Offences) Act was implemented in 1955.
Question 13.
What was the Untouchability (Offences) Act amended as in 1976?
Answer:
It was amended as the Citizens’ Rights Protection Act in 1976.
Question 14.
What rights are guaranteed to all citizens by the Constitution?
Answer:
Universal suffrage and the right to equality are guaranteed to all citizens.
Question 15.
What special facilities are provided to backward castes and classes?
Answer:
Reservation is provided in educational, political, economic and employment opportunities.
Multiple Choice Questions
- Social stratification refers to classifying people on the basis of:
a) Income
b) Education
c) Caste
d) All of th
Answer:
d) All of the above
- “Truly, the whole mankind is one” was declared by:
a) Mahatma Gandhi
b) Pampa
c) Dr. B.R. Ambedkar
d) Swami Vivekananda
Answer:
b) Pampa
- Prejudice is an opinion formed about a person or community:
a) After knowing them
b) Before getting to know them
c) After meeting them
d) After studying them
Answer:
b) Before getting to know them
- Untouchability is considered a:
a) Social reform
b) Social evil
c) Social harmony
d) Social facility
Answer:
b) Social evil
- Who called untouchability a stigma on Hindu society?
a) Pampa
b) Jyotiba Phule
c) Mahatma Gandhi
d) Swami Vivekananda
Answer:
c) Mahatma Gandhi
- Section _____ of the Constitution prohibits untouchability.
a) 15
b) 16
c) 17
d) 18
Answer:
c) 17
- The Untouchability (Offences) Act was implemented in:
a) 1947
b) 1950
c) 1955
d) 1976
Answer:
c) 1955
- The Untouchability (Offences) Act was amended as Citizens’ Rights Protection Act in:
a) 1955
b) 1965
c) 1976
d) 1989
Answer:
c) 1976
- Which of the following can lead to social conflicts?
a) Social equality
b) Prejudice and discrimination
c) Social harmony
d) Education
Answer:
b) Prejudice and discrimination
- Reservation is provided especially to:
a) Scheduled Castes
b) Rich people
c) Upper classes
d) Foreign citizens
Answer:
a) Scheduled Castes
- The gradual increase in ______ has helped reduce untouchability.
a) Poverty
b) Literacy
c) Population
d) Migration
Answer:
b) Literacy
- The blacks in America were historically treated as:
a) Kings
b) Teachers
c) Slaves
d) Officials
Answer:
c) Slaves
- Untouchables were traditionally deprived of:
a) Social facilities
b) Educational facilities
c) Political opportunities
d) All of the above
Answer:
d) All of the above
- Which of the following helps to stop untouchability?
a) Spread of education
b) Employment facilities
c) Propaganda against untouchability
d) All of the above
Answer:
d) All of the above
- Which of the following promotes social harmony?
a) Discrimination
b) Untouchability
c) Literacy
d) Hatred
Answer:
c) Literacy