Class 10 Political Science Chapter 3 Solution

Class 10 Social Question and Answer: India’s Foreign Policy and Global Challenges

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India’s Foreign Policy and Global Challenges Questions and Answers, Notes, and Additional Q&A 

Class 10 Political Science Chapter 3

India’s Foreign Policy and Global Challenges

Class 10 Political Science Chapter 3 India's Foreign Policy and Global Challenges
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I. Fill in the blanks with suitable words:

  1. The architect of Indian foreign policy is Jawaharlal Nehru.
  2. The World Human Rights Day is celebrated on 10th December.
  3. India, as a peace-loving country, advocates

II. Discuss in group and answer the following questions.

Question 1.
What is foreign policy?
Answer:
The policy followed by a nation in dealing with other nations is called foreign policy. It aims to protect and promote the national interests of the country.

Question 2.
Which are the basic principles of India’s foreign policy?
Answer:
The basic principles of India’s foreign policy are:

  1. Opposition to colonialism.
  2. Opposition to imperialism.
  3. Opposition to racial discrimination (apartheid).
  4. Policy of Non-Alignment.
  5. Priority for the progress of African and Asian countries.
  6. Support for disarmament.
  7. Support for the United Nations (UNO) and world peace.

Question 3.
Which are the challenges faced by the world after the Second World War?
Answer:
The major challenges faced by the world after the Second World War are denial of human rights, arms race, economic inequality, racial discrimination and terrorism.

Question 4.
Mention the measures taken by India to protect human rights.
Answer:
India has taken the following measures to protect human rights:

  1. It guarantees Fundamental Rights through the Indian Constitution.
  2. It opposes genocide and all forms of exploitation and oppression.
  3. It advocates the protection of human rights in the United Nations General Assembly.
  4. It has established the National Human Rights Commission and State Human Rights Commissions.
  5. It works through the United Nations and other international forums to protect human rights.

Question 5.
The arms race is a way for global destruction. In this backdrop, mention the results of the arms race.
Answer:
The results of the arms race are:

  1. It increases fear and instability among countries.
  2. It increases the possibility of war and threatens world peace.
  3. It causes financial losses and economic instability.
  4. It diverts money, scientific knowledge and human resources from development.
  5. It increases the risk of global destruction through nuclear weapons.

Question 6.
What are the features of economically backward nations? Explain the reasons for their backwardness.
Answer:
The features of economically backward nations are:

  1. High rates of poverty and unemployment.
  2. Inadequate utilization of natural resources.
  3. Poor quality of education.
  4. Ill health and malnutrition.
  5. Lack of technology and proper infrastructure.

Reasons for their backwardness: Colonialism and imperialism led to the exploitation of resources in Asian, African and Latin American countries. After independence, many of these countries lacked sufficient capital, technology and facilities to develop agriculture, industries, transport, communication, education and healthcare.

Question 7.
Mention the measures undertaken by India to remove economic inequality among backward countries.
Answer:
India has undertaken the following measures to reduce economic inequality among backward countries:

  1. India follows the policy of Non-Alignment.
  2. It advocates economic assistance to needy countries by developed nations without imposing conditions.
  3. It supports the economic development of poor and developing countries.
  4. It advocates economic justice and equality among all nations.
  5. It supports the flow of capital investment from developed countries to developing countries.

Question 8.
Explain the effects of terrorism.
Answer:
The effects of terrorism are:

  1. It causes the loss of human lives and property.
  2. It hinders economic development.
  3. It threatens social and cultural life.
  4. It causes fear and mental disturbance among people.
  5. It disrupts law and order.
  6. It threatens the security of countries around the world.

Question 9.
What measures have been undertaken by India to tackle the challenges of terrorism?
Answer:
India has undertaken the following measures to tackle terrorism:

  1. It has established the National Investigation Agency (NIA).
  2. It has formed special forces to counter terrorist operations.
  3. It uses defence forces to conduct operations against terrorism.
  4. State governments have established Anti-Terrorism Squads (ATS).
  5. It uses intelligence agencies such as the Intelligence Bureau (IB) and Research and Analysis Wing (RAW).
  6. It has established a Financial Intelligence Unit to prevent the transfer of funds to terrorist organisations.
  7. India strongly opposes terrorism and seeks international cooperation to combat it.
Class 10 Political Science Chapter 3 India's Foreign Policy and Global Challenges

III. Additional Questions and Answers

Question 1.
Who is known as the Father of Indian Foreign Policy?
Answer:
Jawaharlal Nehru is known as the Father of Indian Foreign Policy.

Question 2.
Define foreign policy according to Prof. Mahendra Kumar.
Answer:
Foreign policy is a series of carefully planned activities for achieving objectives in foreign relations based on the concept of national interest.

Question 3.
What is the Non-Alignment policy?
Answer:
The Non-Alignment policy is the policy of remaining independent of military or political blocs while protecting national interests.

Question 4.
What is the Panchasheela Agreement?
Answer:
The Pancha Sheela Agreement was an agreement between India and China in 1954 that emphasized peaceful coexistence.

Question 5.
Mention the three phases in the evolution of Indian foreign policy.
Answer:
The three phases are Jawaharlal Nehru’s Idealism Phase (1947–1959), Strategic Realism Phase (1959–1991) and Economic Experimental Phase (1991 to the present).

Question 6.
What is disarmament?
Answer:
Disarmament means the reduction or elimination of certain or all types of weapons.

Question 7.
When was the Universal Declaration of Human Rights adopted?
Answer:
The United Nations adopted the Universal Declaration of Human Rights on 10th December 1948.

Question 8.
What are human rights?
Answer:
Human rights are the basic rights and freedoms that every person is entitled to enjoy, regardless of religion, race, gender, caste, colour or nationality.

Question 9.
What is meant by economic inequality?
Answer:
Economic inequality refers to the unequal distribution of income, wealth and economic opportunities among people or countries.

Question 10.
Who first used the term ‘Third World’?
Answer:
The French scholar Alfred Sauvy first used the term ‘Third World’.

Multiple-Choice Questions (MCQs) with Answers

1. Who is known as the Father of Indian Foreign Policy?
a) Mahatma Gandhi
b) Jawaharlal Nehru
c) Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel
d) Lal Bahadur Shastri

Answer:
b) Jawaharlal Nehru

2. When is World Human Rights Day celebrated?
a) 5th June
b) 10th December
c) 15th August
d) 24th October

Answer:
b) 10th December

3. When was the United Nations Organisation established?
a) 1919
b) 1939
c) 1945
d) 1948

Answer:
c) 1945

4. Who first used the term ‘Third World’?
a) Karl Marx
b) Alfred Sauvy
c) Jawaharlal Nehru
d) Mahendra Kumar

Answer:
b) Alfred Sauvy

5. Which policy did India follow during the Cold War?
a) Colonialism
b) Imperialism
c) Non-Alignment
d) Apartheid

Answer:
c) Non-Alignment

6. In which year was the Panchasheela Agreement signed between India and China?
a) 1947
b) 1950
c) 1954
d) 1962

Answer:
c) 1954

7. Which phase of Indian foreign policy began in 1991?
a) Idealism Phase
b) Strategic Realism Phase
c) Economic Experimental Phase
d) Colonial Phase

Answer:
c) Economic Experimental Phase

8. What does disarmament mean?
a) Increasing weapons
b) Reducing or eliminating weapons
c) Expanding colonies
d) Increasing trade barriers

Answer:
b) Reducing or eliminating weapons

9. Which organisation adopted the Universal Declaration of Human Rights?
a) NATO
b) UNO
c) SAARC
d) ASEAN

Answer:
b) UNO

10. Which commission was established in India to protect human rights?
a) Election Commission
b) National Human Rights Commission
c) Finance Commission
d) Planning Commission

Answer:
b) National Human Rights Commission

11. Which of the following is a result of the arms race?
a) Improved world peace
b) Reduced military spending
c) Increased risk of war
d) End of economic inequality

Answer:
c) Increased risk of war

12. Which treaty is associated with nuclear non-proliferation?
a) NPT
b) BWC
c) Panchasheela Agreement
d) CTBT

Answer:
a) NPT

13. What is the full form of NIA?
a) National Intelligence Association
b) National Investigation Agency
c) National International Authority
d) National Information Administration

Answer:
b) National Investigation Agency

14. What is the full form of RAW?
a) Research and Analysis Wing
b) Regional Arms Watch
c) Rural Administration Wing
d) Research and Aid Work

Answer:
a) Research and Analysis Wing

15. Which of the following is a characteristic of economically backward countries?
a) High technological development
b) Low unemployment
c) Poor infrastructure
d) High income for all

Answer:
c) Poor infrastructure

16. Which of the following is an effect of terrorism?
a) Economic stability
b) Loss of life and property
c) Improved social harmony
d) Reduced fear

Answer:
b) Loss of life and property

17. Which Indian agency investigates certain terrorism-related offences?
a) NIA
b) RBI
c) ISRO
d) UGC

Answer:
a) NIA

18. What does ATS stand for?
a) Anti-Terrorism Squad
b) Asian Trade Society
c) Arms Treaty System
d) Advanced Training Service

Answer:
a) Anti-Terrorism Squad

19. Which principle opposes discrimination based on skin colour?
a) Imperialism
b) Apartheid
c) Opposition to racial discrimination
d) Globalisation

Answer:
c) Opposition to racial discrimination

20. Which economic reforms were adopted by India in 1991?
a) Liberalisation, Privatisation and Globalisation
b) Colonisation and Imperialism
c) Disarmament and Non-Alignment
d) Apartheid and Protectionism

Answer:
a) Liberalisation, Privatisation and Globalisation

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